Materi SAT Bahasa Inggris Kelas VIII
English Learning Focus
Materi lengkap dan mudah dipahami tentang Expressions, Recount Text, Simple Past Tense, Regular and Irregular Verb, serta Direct and Indirect Speech.
Daftar Materi
Expressions adalah ungkapan yang digunakan dalam percakapan sehari-hari. Pada materi ini, fokus utama adalah asking and giving opinion serta showing appreciation.
A. Asking Opinion
Asking opinion berarti meminta pendapat orang lain tentang sesuatu. Ungkapan ini digunakan ketika kita ingin mengetahui pikiran, perasaan, atau penilaian seseorang.
| Expression | Arti | Penggunaan |
|---|---|---|
| What do you think? | Bagaimana menurutmu? | Meminta pendapat secara umum. |
| What is your opinion? | Apa pendapatmu? | Meminta pendapat dengan lebih formal. |
| How do you feel about it? | Bagaimana perasaanmu tentang itu? | Meminta pendapat atau perasaan. |
| Do you think it is good? | Apakah menurutmu itu bagus? | Meminta persetujuan atau penilaian. |
B. Giving Opinion
Giving opinion berarti memberikan pendapat. Biasanya diawali dengan ungkapan seperti I think, In my opinion, atau I believe.
| Expression | Arti | Contoh Kalimat |
|---|---|---|
| I think... | Menurut saya... | I think the story is interesting. |
| In my opinion... | Menurut pendapat saya... | In my opinion, English is useful. |
| I believe... | Saya percaya... | I believe the movie is great. |
| I don’t think... | Saya tidak berpikir... | I don’t think the test is difficult. |
A: What do you think about this picture?
B: I think it is very beautiful.
A: Do you think the color is good?
B: Yes, in my opinion, the color is bright and attractive.
C. Showing Appreciation
Showing appreciation berarti memberikan pujian, penghargaan, atau apresiasi kepada orang lain. Ungkapan ini digunakan saat seseorang melakukan sesuatu yang baik, menghasilkan karya bagus, atau menunjukkan kemampuan tertentu.
| Expression | Arti | Situasi |
|---|---|---|
| Good job! | Kerja bagus! | Ketika seseorang berhasil melakukan tugas. |
| Well done! | Bagus sekali! | Ketika seseorang menyelesaikan pekerjaan dengan baik. |
| That’s excellent! | Itu luar biasa! | Ketika hasil pekerjaan sangat baik. |
| How beautiful! | Indah sekali! | Ketika melihat sesuatu yang indah. |
| What a nice picture! | Gambar yang bagus! | Ketika memuji gambar atau karya seni. |
A: I made this poster yesterday.
B: Wow, what a nice poster! Good job!
Mini Practice
- What expression do you use to ask someone’s opinion?
- Give one example of giving opinion.
- What do you say when your friend gets a good score?
Recount text adalah teks yang menceritakan kembali kejadian, pengalaman, atau peristiwa yang terjadi di masa lampau. Teks ini sering digunakan untuk menceritakan pengalaman liburan, kegiatan sekolah, perjalanan, atau kejadian pribadi.
A. Purpose / Tujuan Recount Text
Tujuan recount text adalah to retell past events or experiences, yaitu menceritakan kembali peristiwa atau pengalaman yang sudah terjadi.
The purpose of the text is to tell the writer’s experience during the holiday.
B. Isi Recount Text
Isi recount text biasanya menjawab beberapa pertanyaan berikut:
- Who: siapa yang terlibat?
- Where: di mana kejadian terjadi?
- When: kapan kejadian terjadi?
- What happened: apa yang terjadi?
- How did the writer feel: bagaimana perasaan penulis?
C. Struktur Recount Text
| Struktur | Penjelasan | Contoh |
|---|---|---|
| Orientation | Bagian pembuka yang mengenalkan tokoh, waktu, dan tempat. | Last Sunday, I went to the zoo with my family. |
| Events | Bagian isi yang menjelaskan urutan kejadian. | First, we bought tickets. Then, we saw many animals. |
| Reorientation | Bagian penutup yang berisi kesan atau perasaan penulis. | It was a wonderful experience. |
D. Language Features / Ciri Kebahasaan
- Menggunakan Simple Past Tense.
- Menggunakan Verb 2, seperti went, saw, played, visited.
- Menggunakan keterangan waktu lampau, seperti yesterday, last week, last holiday.
- Menggunakan kata penghubung urutan, seperti first, then, after that, finally.
E. Contoh Recount Text
My Holiday in Bali
Last holiday, I went to Bali with my family. We went there by plane. I was very excited because it was my first time visiting Bali.
First, we visited Kuta Beach. The beach was beautiful and the weather was sunny. My brother and I played sand near the beach. After that, we ate seafood at a restaurant. The food was delicious.
On the next day, we visited a traditional market. My mother bought some souvenirs. I bought a keychain for my friend. Finally, we went back to the hotel and took a rest.
I felt very happy. It was an unforgettable holiday.
F. Contoh Pertanyaan Reading Comprehension
- Where did the writer go last holiday?
- With whom did the writer go to Bali?
- What did the writer do at Kuta Beach?
- What did the writer buy for his/her friend?
- How did the writer feel about the holiday?
Simple Past Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan kegiatan atau keadaan yang terjadi di masa lampau. Materi ini dibagi menjadi dua bentuk utama, yaitu verbal sentence dan nominal sentence.
A. Time Signal / Keterangan Waktu
| Time Signal | Arti | Contoh |
|---|---|---|
| yesterday | kemarin | I studied English yesterday. |
| last night | tadi malam | She watched TV last night. |
| last week | minggu lalu | They visited Surabaya last week. |
| two days ago | dua hari yang lalu | He came here two days ago. |
| in 2023 | pada tahun 2023 | We moved to this city in 2023. |
B. Verbal Sentence: Menggunakan Verb 2
Kalimat verbal adalah kalimat yang menggunakan kata kerja utama. Dalam Simple Past Tense, kata kerja berubah menjadi Verb 2.
| Bentuk | Rumus | Contoh |
|---|---|---|
| Positive | Subject + Verb 2 + Object/Complement | She went to school yesterday. |
| Negative | Subject + did not/didn’t + Verb 1 + Object/Complement | She didn’t go to school yesterday. |
| Interrogative | Did + Subject + Verb 1 + Object/Complement? | Did she go to school yesterday? |
C. Contoh Perubahan Kalimat Verbal
| Positive | Negative | Interrogative |
|---|---|---|
| I played football yesterday. | I didn’t play football yesterday. | Did you play football yesterday? |
| She watched a movie last night. | She didn’t watch a movie last night. | Did she watch a movie last night? |
| They bought some books. | They didn’t buy any books. | Did they buy any books? |
D. Nominal Sentence: Menggunakan Was/Were
Kalimat nominal adalah kalimat yang tidak menggunakan kata kerja utama. Kalimat ini menggunakan was atau were.
| Subject | To Be Past | Contoh |
|---|---|---|
| I | was | I was tired yesterday. |
| He, She, It | was | She was happy last night. |
| Singular Noun | was | The book was interesting. |
| You, We, They | were | They were at school. |
| Plural Noun | were | The students were busy. |
E. Pola Kalimat Nominal
| Bentuk | Rumus | Contoh |
|---|---|---|
| Positive | Subject + was/were + Complement | She was sick yesterday. |
| Negative | Subject + was/were + not + Complement | She was not sick yesterday. |
| Interrogative | Was/Were + Subject + Complement? | Was she sick yesterday? |
was not = wasn’t
were not = weren’t
did not = didn’t
Mini Practice
- Change into negative: She went to school yesterday.
- Change into question: They played basketball last Sunday.
- Choose was/were: My friends ___ happy yesterday.
- Choose was/were: The cat ___ under the table.
- Correct the sentence: Did she went to the market?
Dalam Simple Past Tense, kata kerja berubah dari Verb 1 menjadi Verb 2. Ada dua jenis kata kerja, yaitu regular verb dan irregular verb.
A. Regular Verb
Regular verb adalah kata kerja beraturan. Bentuk Verb 2 biasanya ditambah -ed atau -d.
| Aturan | Verb 1 | Verb 2 | Contoh Kalimat |
|---|---|---|---|
| Umumnya ditambah -ed | play | played | I played football yesterday. |
| Berakhiran -e, tambah -d | like | liked | She liked the story. |
| Konsonan + y, y menjadi i + ed | study | studied | They studied English last night. |
| Beberapa kata menggandakan huruf akhir | stop | stopped | The bus stopped near the school. |
B. Daftar Regular Verb
| Verb 1 | Verb 2 | Arti |
|---|---|---|
| play | played | bermain |
| watch | watched | menonton |
| visit | visited | mengunjungi |
| clean | cleaned | membersihkan |
| open | opened | membuka |
| close | closed | menutup |
| study | studied | belajar |
| carry | carried | membawa |
C. Irregular Verb
Irregular verb adalah kata kerja tidak beraturan. Bentuk Verb 2 tidak selalu ditambah -ed, tetapi berubah secara khusus.
| Verb 1 | Verb 2 | Arti | Contoh Kalimat |
|---|---|---|---|
| go | went | pergi | She went to Bali last week. |
| eat | ate | makan | I ate fried rice yesterday. |
| drink | drank | minum | He drank milk this morning. |
| see | saw | melihat | They saw many animals at the zoo. |
| buy | bought | membeli | My mother bought some fruits. |
| come | came | datang | He came to my house yesterday. |
| make | made | membuat | She made a cake last night. |
| take | took | mengambil | He took my pencil. |
| write | wrote | menulis | I wrote a letter yesterday. |
| read | read | membaca | She read a book last night. |
Mini Practice
- Change into Verb 2: play
- Change into Verb 2: go
- Change into Verb 2: study
- Choose the correct verb: She (eat/ate) noodles yesterday.
- Make one sentence using the verb went.
Direct speech adalah kalimat langsung yang mengutip ucapan seseorang secara langsung. Biasanya menggunakan tanda petik.
Indirect speech adalah kalimat tidak langsung yang melaporkan ucapan seseorang tanpa menggunakan tanda petik.
Direct Speech
Rina said, “I like English.”
Indirect Speech
Rina said that she liked English.
A. Simple Present menjadi Simple Past
Jika direct speech menggunakan Simple Present Tense, maka dalam indirect speech biasanya berubah menjadi Simple Past Tense.
| Direct Speech | Indirect Speech |
|---|---|
| She said, “I like English.” | She said that she liked English. |
| He said, “I play football.” | He said that he played football. |
| They said, “We study Math.” | They said that they studied Math. |
B. Present Continuous menjadi Past Continuous
Jika direct speech menggunakan Present Continuous Tense, maka dalam indirect speech berubah menjadi Past Continuous Tense.
| Direct Speech | Indirect Speech |
|---|---|
| Rina said, “I am studying English.” | Rina said that she was studying English. |
| Budi said, “I am reading a book.” | Budi said that he was reading a book. |
| They said, “We are watching TV.” | They said that they were watching TV. |
C. Perubahan To Be
| Direct | Indirect | Contoh |
|---|---|---|
| am | was | I am happy → she was happy |
| is | was | He is busy → he was busy |
| are | were | They are tired → they were tired |
D. Perubahan Pronoun
Pronoun atau kata ganti harus disesuaikan dengan orang yang berbicara dan orang yang dilaporkan.
| Direct Pronoun | Indirect Pronoun | Contoh |
|---|---|---|
| I | he / she | Rina said, “I am happy.” → Rina said that she was happy. |
| me | him / her | He said, “She helps me.” → He said that she helped him. |
| my | his / her | Budi said, “My bag is new.” → Budi said that his bag was new. |
| we | they | They said, “We are students.” → They said that they were students. |
| our | their | They said, “Our class is clean.” → They said that their class was clean. |
E. Perubahan Keterangan Waktu dan Tempat
| Direct | Indirect | Arti |
|---|---|---|
| now | then | sekarang → saat itu |
| today | that day | hari ini → hari itu |
| tonight | that night | malam ini → malam itu |
| yesterday | the day before | kemarin → hari sebelumnya |
| tomorrow | the next day | besok → hari berikutnya |
| last week | the week before | minggu lalu → minggu sebelumnya |
| next week | the following week | minggu depan → minggu berikutnya |
| here | there | di sini → di sana |
| this | that | ini → itu |
| these | those | ini semua → itu semua |
F. Langkah Mengubah Direct ke Indirect Speech
- Hilangkan tanda petik.
- Tambahkan kata that setelah reporting verb, misalnya said that.
- Ubah tense sesuai aturan.
- Ubah pronoun sesuai subjek.
- Ubah keterangan waktu atau tempat jika diperlukan.
Direct: Rina said, “I am studying English now.”
Indirect: Rina said that she was studying English then.
Mini Practice
- Change into indirect speech: Rina said, “I like English.”
- Change into indirect speech: Budi said, “I am reading a book.”
- Change the pronoun: I → ...
- Change the time signal: yesterday → ...
- Change into direct speech: She said that she was happy.
Expressions
Meminta pendapat, memberi pendapat, dan memberikan apresiasi.
Recount Text
Teks yang menceritakan pengalaman atau kejadian masa lampau.
Simple Past Tense
Menggunakan Verb 2 untuk kalimat verbal dan was/were untuk kalimat nominal.
Regular & Irregular Verb
Regular verb biasanya memakai -ed, sedangkan irregular verb berubah khusus.
Direct & Indirect Speech
Mengubah kalimat langsung menjadi tidak langsung dengan perubahan tense, pronoun, dan keterangan.
Post a Comment for "Materi SAT Bahasa Inggris Kelas VIII"